Supplemental Security Income (SSI), which should not be confused with Social Security disability, pays monthly benefits for people who are in financial need and are blind, disabled or over age 65. It is supplemental support paid for by the U.S. Treasury, not Social Security taxes. Blind, mentally challenged or disabled children also may be eligible for SSI, regardless of their age.

Eligibility and the amount received depends upon your assets, income, living arrangements and whether your state government supplements the federal payment. Those people eligible for SSI are almost always eligible for Medicaid — another needs-based program. Medicaid provides significant hospital, physician, nursing home and community-based long-term care benefits.